A high water bill can often be caused by a leak in the system and is often the toilet is in need of repair. Other cuases can be backup sub pumps, outdoor faucets, or leak under a slab just to name a few. 

Staining is often becuase of the water. Brown stains are usually due to iron, while green staining is due to aggressive water disolving the copper in the pipes. These problems can be solved cost effectively. Ask your plumbing professional. 

Water hammer occurs when flowing water is stopped abruptly. It can be solved with water hammer arrestors. 

The most common cause is sulfer gas locked in the water that is released when the water comes out of the faucet. This problem can be solved cost effectively. 

Typically a faucet will drip because the rubber washer on the stem becomes worn out over time. Often it can easily be repaired. 

This can depend on factors like low ph water and pipe construction. Galvanized plumbing for instance can add iron into otherwise clean water. It is best to have a plumber diagnose plumbing issues. 

This can depend on a host of factors, but more often than not it is because there is no water trap on the fixture. The water trap prevents sewer odor from entering the property. A second cause can be a problem with venting causing the water trap to lose it’s water. 

Chemical drain cleaners are a good way to disolve small clogs. They can be corrosive so they may have a negative affect on pipes or septic systems. So it is best to contact a licensed plumber if you have a difficult to clear drain problem.  

Most plumbing equipment like water heaters, automatic filters recomend service at least once per year.